A brief history of Texas counties

Texas became a state of the United States of America on December 29, 1845.

Texas is divided into 254 counties. The evolution of these counties spans from Spanish and Mexican colonial municipios and the Republic of Texas to the modern grid system. The first 23 formal constitutional counties were established on March 17, 1836, following the declaration of independence. Following statehood in 1846, annexation and expansion drove the creation of numerous new frontier counties, culminating with Kenedy County on April 2, 1921.

Former counties and history

Texas has also seen the creation and subsequent dissolution of several former or defunct counties:

  • Buchel County: Created in 1887 from Presidio County and absorbed into Brewster County in 1897 without ever being officially organized.
  • Encinal County: Formed in 1856, it failed to establish a local civil government and was annexed into Webb County in 1899.
  • Foley County: Established in 1887 alongside Buchel County and merged into Brewster County in 1897.
  • Greer County: Created in 1860, this territory was transferred to Oklahoma in 1896 following a U.S. Supreme Court border ruling.
  • Wegefarth County: Formed in the Panhandle in 1873 and dissolved in 1876 during the reorganization of the county grid.
  • Worth County: Established in 1850 in present-day New Mexico and abolished later that year under the Compromise of 1850.
YearLastFirstCountyPageTownship or Other InfoRecord Type
1850PartanElizabethHopkins County163No Township ListedFed Pop Schd
1850PartanMelburyRed River County223No Township ListedFed Pop Schd
1850PartenJamesSmith County059No Township ListedFed Pop Schd
1850PartinH.Cherokee County889No Township ListedFed Pop Schd
1860PartenJohnRusk County209Henderson P.O.Fed Pop Schd
1860PartenThomasLeon County281Centreville P.O.Fed Pop Schd
1860PartinElishaSabine County324Housan BayouFed Pop Schd
1860PartinJohn C.Sabine County335Bare CreekFed Pop Schd
1860PartinNancyHopkins County150Sulphur Bluff P.O.Fed Pop Schd
1870PartenGeorgeFalls County032Marlin 2 Prec.Fed Pop Schd
1870PartenHughFalls County010Marlin 1 Prec.Fed Pop Schd
1870PartenJohnFalls County009Marlin 1 Prec.Fed Pop Schd
1870PartenJosephMadison County311MadisonvilleFed Pop Schd
1870PartenPeterFalls County032Marlin 2 Prec.Fed Pop Schd
1870PartenRubenMadison County298Midway Beat 1Fed Pop Schd
1870PartenThomasFalls County009Marlin 1 Prec.Fed Pop Schd
1870PartinAliceNacogdoches County426Nacogdoches P. O.Fed Pop Schd
1870PartinGeorge W.Nacogdoches County426Nacogdoches P. O.Fed Pop Schd
1870PartinMaryNacogdoches County426Nacogdoches P. O.Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenGeorgeEllis County390E. D. 45Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenHughFalls County182E. D. 38Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenHugh L.Falls County186E. D. 38Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenJamesBrazoria County209E. D. 22Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenJoseph R.Madison County299E. D. 98Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenLauraFalls County186E. D. 38Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenMartha A.Madison County324E. D. 99Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenMaryFalls County188E. D. 38Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenOscarMadison County319E. D. 99Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenRubin, F.Madison County326E. D. 99Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenSarahFalls County188E. D. 38Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenWayneMadison County325E. D. 99Fed Pop Schd
1880PartenWilliam AsaMadison County324E. D. 99Fed Pop Schd
1880PartianMatthewFranklin County450E. D. 34Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinA. E.Falls County182E. D. 38Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinCharles H.Hamilton County377E. D. 70Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinEdwinHouston County241E. D. 22Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinEmlyHouston County373E. D. 27Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinG. W. R.Rusk County012HendersonFed Pop Schd
1880PartinHenry W.Nacogdoches County237E. D. 50Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinJohn M.Nacogdoches County171E. D. 47Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinRobert A.Matagorda County042E. D. 99Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinThomasNacogdoches County177E. D. 47Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinThomas E.Matagorda County042E. D. 99Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinWilliamStephens County477E. D. 170Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinWilliam AndersonNacogdoches County177E. D. 47Fed Pop Schd
1880PartinWilliam H.Lamar County101E. D. 76Fed Pop Schd